Cross-Cultural Adjustment and Professional Identity Challenges of Myanmar Doctors in Thai Hospitals

Abstract

This study examines the experiences of Myanmar doctors employed in Thai healthcare settings, with a focus on culture shock, cross-cultural adaptation, and professional identity challenges. Regulatory restrictions prevent foreign doctors in Thailand from medicine, resulting in employment in non-clinical roles. The research aims to understand the adjustment processes of these doctors in new workplace environments and the impact on their professional identity. A qualitative methodology was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with ten Myanmar doctors working in healthcare organizations in Bangkok. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis, informed by theories of culture shock, cross-cultural adaptation, professional identity, and cultural dimensions. The results indicate that participants initially experienced culture shock related to communication styles, workplace hierarchy, and organizational practices. These were often accompanied by feelings of stress, uncertainty, and reduced confidence. Gradual adaptation occurred by language acquisition, observation, and support from colleagues, with specifically reporting learning Thai as a key strategy to improve communication. Nevertheless, participants reported ongoing challenges to their professional identity due to restrictions on clinical practice. In summary, the study highlights the challenges faced by foreign-trained doctors in adapting to new cultural and professional environments.